surface n. 1.表面;地面;水面;广场,空地。 2.外观,外表,皮毛。 3.【几】面;切口;【航空】翼面。 adj. 表面的;地面的,水面的;外观的,外表上的;(对高架及地下铁路说的)平地上的;(对矿井内说的)矿井外的。 an adjusting surface 【航空】调节板。 a supporting surface 【航空】支持面积。 a plane surface 平面。 surfaces in contact =rubbing surfaces 摩擦面。 look at the surface only 只看外表。 One never gets below the surface with him. 人们无法看透他的内心。 a surface raider 海上突击舰。 look below [beneath] the surface of things 看到事物的内部。 of the surface 外观上的,表面的。 on the surface 表面上,外表上。 vt. 为…装面[配面],对…作表面处理;使成平面;掘开…的地面;铺(路面);使(潜艇)浮出水面。 vi. 地面采掘,井外劳动;浮出水面。
However , it has rugged surface configuration , high mountains , steep slope , deep valley , barren soil , frequent mountainous and climatic disaster and fragile ecological environment 然而,在该区境内,地表崎岖,山高、坡陡、谷深、土薄,山地灾害与气候灾害频繁,生态环境脆弱。
We also inves - tigated the capability of i1ydrogen stol ' age i11 mwnt alld tbulld swnt was better than mwnt for l1ydrogen storage . in addition , xxe discussed some questiolls related hydrogen storagc tvitl1 cl1c111ictll potcl1tial , tel11perature and surface configuration 然后对多壁碳纳米管储氢进行计算机模拟,并与单壁纳米管储氢结果做了比较,结论是单壁碳纳米管储氢的效果优于多壁管。
The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements , ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field , the chemical component , surface configuration , microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably . such kind of change can be described as the followings . firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases , but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced , and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce , la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y . on the other side , when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500 , their properties will change 结果显示化学沉积co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工艺在稀土元素( ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ) 、能量(超声波、磁场)介入后,沉积过程、合金成分、镀层形貌结构和性能都有显著变化,表现在:镀液的阴极极化过电位和极化度降低,沉积速度提高;镀层的结合力、表面质量改善;镀层中过渡族元素的含量增加,轻元素硼的含量降低,同时证实了稀土元素与过渡族元素共沉积的可能性;镀层的显微结构由非晶态向微晶和多晶态转变;镀层的显微硬度与耐磨性提高,力学性能优化;镀层的矫顽力降低;磁导率提高;镀层的磁化强度在能量(超声波、磁场)和轻稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高,重稀土元素y介入后降低。
This paper determines the technological process , bath formularizstion and experimental parameter of electroless multicomponent cobalt based soft magnetic film with rare earth elements joined such as co - ni - b - re and co - fe - b - re by the means of perpendicular experiment and regression analysis . this paper also studies the active mechanism of rare earth elements , ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field on the plating process , chemical component , surface configuration , microstructure and properties of electroless multicomponent cobalt based soft magnetic film in the way of examining in the component , microstructure and properties of such alloy 本文采用正交实验和回归分析的方法,确定了稀土化学沉积co - ni - b - re 、 co - fe - b - re多元钴基软磁薄膜的工艺流程、镀液配方和实验参数,并通过对合金镀层的成分含量测定、形貌结构分析和力学磁学性能评估,研究了稀土元素、超声波、磁场介入化学沉积多元钴基软磁薄膜工艺后,对合金成分、结构和性能的作用机制。